Glaucoma

Glaucoma can be caused by various factors, but the most common cause is an increase in intraocular pressure (fluid pressure inside the eye). This increase in pressure can damage the optic nerve over time, leading to vision loss. Other factors that can contribute to glaucoma include genetics, age, certain medical conditions, and structural abnormalities in the eye's drainage system. It's important to note that not everyone with high eye pressure will develop glaucoma, and some individuals with normal eye pressure can still develop the condition. Regular eye exams are essential for early detection and managing the risk factors associated with glaucoma.

In order to determine the appropriate treatment method for glaucoma, it is crucial to identify the specific mechanism involved. To diagnose Glaucoma, a thorough and comprehensive eye examination is necessary. Your doctor will conduct the following examinations:

1. Slit lamp examination: This involves using a special microscope called a slit lamp, which is like an ophthalmologist's stethoscope. All patients, not just those suspected of having glaucoma, undergo this examination.
2. Measurement of intraocular pressure: The pressure inside the eye is measured using an instrument called an 'applanation tonometer' attached to the slit lamp. Multiple readings may be taken throughout the day and night to obtain accurate results. The older method of resting an instrument on the cornea while the patient lies down is not as accurate. Non-contact air puff tonometers may be used for screening purposes but are not suitable for diagnosis or treatment.
3. Examination of the angle of the eye: A gonioscope, which is a contact lens placed on the eye, is used to examine the angle of the eye. This step is crucial in determining the type of glaucoma - open angle or angle closure.
4. Optic disc examination: The doctor will dilate the pupil with eye drops to examine the optic disc and the retina at the back of the eye. This may be done using a hand-held lens or a contact lens to obtain a stereoscopic view. A computerized scan of the optic disc may also be performed.
5. Automated field or perimetry test: This test helps confirm the diagnosis by assessing the field of vision. Damage to the optic nerve can limit the field of vision, which may not be noticeable in regular vision tests. An automated perimetry test is essential for early detection and monitoring of glaucoma. Baseline tests are important for future comparison, and periodic examinations are necessary to track disease progression.

It is crucial to use a calibrated machine with an appropriate normal database for accurate perimetry test results.

In some cases, a diagnosis may not be possible on the first visit. In early stages or uncertain cases, repeating the entire examination after a period of observation may be necessary.

At Dhir Hospital in Bhiwani, Haryanal, we offer comprehensive and personalized treatment options for glaucoma to effectively manage the condition and preserve your vision. Our experienced ophthalmologists and glaucoma specialists utilize advanced techniques and provide the highest standard of care. Here are some of the Glaucoma treatment options available at Dhir Hospital:

• Medications: The initial treatment approach for glaucoma often involves the use of prescription eye drops or oral medications. These medications work to lower intraocular pressure by either reducing the production of fluid in the eye or improving its drainage. Our experts will work closely with you to determine the most suitable medication and provide instructions on proper administration and potential side effects.
• Laser Treatments: We offer various laser treatments for glaucoma, including selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) and argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT). These procedures use lasers to target and improve the drainage system of the eye, allowing better fluid outflow and reducing intraocular pressure. Laser treatments are typically performed on an outpatient basis and are generally safe and effective.
• Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): Dhir Hospital specializes in minimally invasive glaucoma surgery techniques that provide effective long-term pressure reduction with minimal trauma and faster recovery. MIGS procedures, such as trabecular micro-bypass stents or canaloplasty, work by improving the eye's natural drainage system to regulate intraocular pressure.
• Traditional Glaucoma Surgery: In cases where other treatment options are not sufficient, our glaucoma surgeons are skilled in performing traditional glaucoma surgeries like trabeculectomy and tube shunt implantation. These surgeries create new channels for fluid drainage to bypass the blocked or inefficient drainage system, thereby reducing intraocular pressure.
• Ongoing Management and Monitoring: Glaucoma requires regular monitoring and management to ensure its ongoing control. Our team will create a personalized follow-up plan, including regular eye examinations, visual field tests, and optic nerve evaluations, to track the progression of glaucoma and adjust treatment as needed.

 At Dhir Hospital, our goal is to provide comprehensive and effective glaucoma treatment while prioritizing the preservation of your vision and overall eye health. We are committed to delivering personalized care and employing the latest advancements in glaucoma management to optimize your outcomes and quality of life.